Black women in childbearing years face higher blood pressure risks than white peers

Black women are more than twice as likely as their white peers to have uncontrolled high blood pressure during their childbearing years, 增加她们患妊娠相关并发症的风险, 新研究发现.

分析, which also showed 1 in 4 Black women and 1 in 3 Hispanic women lack access to healthy foods, 这篇文章发表在周一的《沙巴体育平台点击进入》(Go Red for Women Spotlight)特刊上 美国心脏协会杂志.

"Food insecurity is important when thinking about high blood pressure since sodium levels are higher in many lower-cost food options such as canned, 超加工食品和快餐,该研究的资深作者Dr. Lara C. Kovell在沙巴足球体育平台发布会上说. Kovell is a cardiologist at the University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School in Worcester. "Moreover, food insecurity and a lack of access to healthy foods have been shown in other studies to increase the risk of high blood pressure."

近18%的美国.S. 育龄妇女有高血压, 这个问题在过去十年中一直在加剧, 根据2019年国家卫生统计中心的数据. 不受控制的高血压会导致中风和心脏病发作, along with pregnancy-related complications such as eclampsia and preeclampsia, 这可能是致命的.

之前的研究表明, Hispanic and Asian women face a higher risk for pregnancy-related complications and strokes. Black and Hispanic women with pregnancy-related blood pressure conditions are six times more likely to die from them than their white counterparts.

在新的研究中, researchers analyzed health data for women of childbearing age enrolled in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey from 2001 to 2018. The women, 谁的平均年龄是36岁, had been diagnosed with a systolic ("top") pressure at or above 140 mmHg and a diastolic ("bottom") reading at or above 90 mmHg, 或者他们自己报告了服用降压药的历史. Of the 1,293 women in the study, about 59% were white, 23% were Black, 16% were Hispanic and 1.7%是亚洲人.

The AHA and American College of Cardiology define high blood pressure as a systolic pressure of 130 or higher or a diastolic pressure of 80 or higher that stays high over time.

这些女性被问及有关饮食等生活方式因素的问题, exercise, 吸烟和饮酒. 研究人员还研究了健康的社会决定因素, 比如教育, income, 食品安全, 住房, language, 获得医疗保健和医疗保险.

Their analysis found Black women were far more likely than white women to have uncontrolled blood pressure, even after adjusting for lifestyle behaviors and social determinants of health. They were more than twice as likely as white women overall to have hypertension, 还有那些知道自己有这种病的人, they were three times as likely to have blood pressure that wasn't being managed.

Asian women also were more likely to have uncontrolled high blood pressure than white women and were more often unaware of it. However, that disparity was erased after controlling for social determinants of health. Both Black and Hispanic women were more likely to lack access to healthy foods than their white peers. 在西班牙裔女性中, 32%的人报告粮食不安全, 相比之下，25%的黑人女性和13%的白人女性是这样.

Researchers were surprised by the high prevalence of food insecurity among Black and Hispanic women, 该研究的主要作者克莱尔·迈耶罗维茨在沙巴足球体育平台发布会上说. "We were not expecting to see such a dramatic inequity in this social determinant of health,迈耶罗维茨说, 他是马萨诸塞大学医学院的四年级学生.

“虽然我们的亚洲女性人口很少, we were also surprised to find that 26% of Asian women of childbearing age were unaware of their hypertension, 这明显高于白人女性的14%," she said.

Kovell said questions about food insecurity and health care access should be included in the standard screening questions at hospital or clinic visits, 尤其是孕妇或计划怀孕的妇女. We still have a lot of work to do to understand and reverse the disparities in maternal mortality between white and Black women in the U.S."

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